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UD Romanian ArT

Language: Romanian (code: ro)
Family: IE

This treebank has been part of Universal Dependencies since the UD v2.8 release.

The following people have contributed to making this treebank part of UD: Verginica Barbu Mititelu, Mihaela Cristescu, Manuela Nevaci.

Repository: UD_Romanian-ArT
Search this treebank on-line: PML-TQ
Download all treebanks: UD 2.15

License: CC BY-SA 4.0

Genre: fiction

Questions, comments? General annotation questions (either Romanian-specific or cross-linguistic) can be raised in the main UD issue tracker. You can report bugs in this treebank in the treebank-specific issue tracker on Github. If you want to collaborate, please contact [vergi (æt) racai • ro]. Development of the treebank happens outside the UD repository. If there are bugs, either the original data source or the conversion procedure must be fixed. Do not submit pull requests against the UD repository.

Annotation	Source
Lemmas	annotated manually
UPOS	annotated manually, natively in UD style
XPOS	annotated manually
Features	annotated manually, natively in UD style
Relations	annotated manually, natively in UD style

Description

The UD treebank ArT is a treebank of the Aromanian dialect of the Romanian language in UD format.

The corpus reflects the folklore genre: all sentences are selected from Pericle Papahagi’s Aromanian Fairytales.

Acknowledgments

…

References

Verginica Barbu Mititelu, Mihaela Cristescu, Manuela Nevaci, Un instrument modern de studiu al dialectului aromân: corpus adnotat morfosintactic (A Modern Instrument for Studying the Aromanian Dialect: Morphosyntactically annotated corpus) (in press)

Statistics of UD Romanian ArT

POS Tags

ADJ – ADP – ADV – AUX – CCONJ – DET – INTJ – NOUN – NUM – PART – PRON – PUNCT – SCONJ – VERB

Features

AdpType – Case – Definite – Degree – Gender – Mood – Number – Number[psor] – NumForm – NumType – Person – Polarity – Position – Poss – PronType – Reflex – Strength – Tense – Variant – VerbForm

Relations

acl – advcl – advmod – amod – aux – case – cc – ccomp – ccomp:pmod – conj – cop – csubj – det – discourse – expl – expl:impers – expl:poss – expl:pv – fixed – iobj – mark – nmod – nsubj – nummod – obj – obl – obl:pmod – parataxis – punct – root – vocative – xcomp

Tokenization and Word Segmentation

• This corpus contains 50 sentences and 573 tokens.

• This corpus contains 161 tokens (28%) that are not followed by a space.

• This corpus does not contain words with spaces.

• This corpus contains 27 types of words that contain both letters and punctuation. Examples: s-, ş-, d-, se-, z-, -s, -ĺi, n-, -l, -n, -o, -su, -ş, -ţe, Muşata-Locului, de-, lo-, no-, nu-, te-, tu-, ĝone-, ĺ-, ľ-, ţi-, ș-, ț-

Morphology

Tags

• This corpus uses 14 UPOS tags out of 17 possible: ADJ, ADP, ADV, AUX, CCONJ, DET, INTJ, NOUN, NUM, PART, PRON, PUNCT, SCONJ, VERB
• This corpus does not use the following tags: PROPN, SYM, X

• This corpus contains 11 word types tagged as particles (PART): -s, n-, no, no-, nu, nu-, s-, sa, si, să, z-

• This corpus contains 14 lemmas tagged as pronouns (PRON): aestu, care, el, el', eu, io, mini, năs, si, tine, tini, vârnu, ţe, ţi

• This corpus contains 8 lemmas tagged as determiners (DET): a, aestu, alt, cât, multu, ndoi, su, un

• Out of the above, 1 lemmas occurred sometimes as PRON and sometimes as DET: aestu

• This corpus contains 3 lemmas tagged as auxiliaries (AUX): am, hiu, voi

• Out of the above, 3 lemmas occurred sometimes as AUX and sometimes as VERB: am, hiu, voi

• There are 2 (de)verbal forms:

• Fin
  • AUX: era, avea, hibă
  • VERB: adară, ascapă, ascăpă, aştipta, facă, feaţi, fudzirâ, imna, lucra, mutreaşte

• Part
  • VERB: ascăpată, faptă, minduit, niapirită, nidată

Nominal Features

• Gender

• Fem
  • ADJ: albă, greauă, mari, uscat
  • DET: nă, Ună, alti, câte, ndoauă
  • NOUN: casă, feata, lamńa, oară, amiroańa, apă, barba, broască, bucăţle, calea
  • NUM: ună, nă
  • PRON: u, nâsă, -o, O, aestă, li
  • VERB-Part: ascăpată

• Masc
  • ADJ: aleptu, bun, mărli, sănătos
  • DET: un, -su, Aestu, multu
  • NOUN: fiĉorlu, ańi, gardu, lucru, ќiro, Araplu, Merlu, Tată, Uvreulu, aluatlu
  • NUM: doľi, treiľi
  • PRON: lu, vârnu, -l, Nâs, Nâşi, aestu, lo-, nâsă, năs, ĺ-
  • VERB-Part: faptă, minduit, niapirită, nidată

• Number

• Plur
  • ADJ: mărli
  • AUX: va
  • DET: alti, câte, ndoauă
  • NOUN: ańi, bucăţle, draţľi, fuse, meari, petali, strańile, şoariţĺi
  • NUM: doľi, treiľi, unsprăyinģiţĺi
  • PRON: Nâşi, le, li, lo-, lă
  • VERB-Fin: fudzirâ, acăţarâ, adunarâ, alinarâ, arsi, fum, pitriţea, vrea, vrurâ, ĉudisirâ

• Sing
  • ADJ: albă, aleptu, bun, greauă, mari, sănătos, uscat
  • AUX: era, avea, hibă, va
  • AUX-Fin: era, avea, hibă
  • DET: un, nă, -su, Aestu, Ună, multu
  • NOUN: casă, feata, fiĉorlu, gardu, lamńa, lucru, oară, ќiro, Araplu, Merlu
  • NUM: ună, nă
  • PRON: u, mi, nâsă, ti, tine, -ĺi, io, lu, vârnu, -l
  • VERB-Fin: ascapă, ascăpă, aştipta, facă, feaţi, imna, lucra, mutreaşte, tricu, Aĝumse
  • VERB-Part: ascăpată, faptă, minduit, niapirită, nidată

• Case

• Acc
  • ADP: di, tu, d-, cu, la, ninga, pân, -n, N-, Până
  • PRON: s-, u, mi, si, ti, lu, se-, -l, -o, -s

• Acc,Nom
  • ADJ: albă, greauă, mari, mărli, sănătos, uscat
  • DET: un, nă, Aestu, Ună, alti, câte, ndoauă
  • NOUN: casă, feata, fiĉorlu, lamńa, oară, ќiro, Araplu, Merlu, Uvreulu, aluatlu
  • NUM: ună, doľi, nă, treiľi
  • PRON: nâsă, ţi, cari, vârnu, ţe, Nâs, Nâşi, aestu, aestă, năs

• Dat
  • PRON: -ĺi, le, lă, îi, ĺ-, ľ-, ţ, ț-

• Dat,Gen
  • NOUN: amirălui, cafiĝilui, calui, featăľei

• Nom
  • PRON: io, tine, mine

• Voc
  • NOUN: measă, vătămată

• Definite

• Def
  • ADJ: mărli
  • NOUN: feata, fiĉorlu, lamńa, Araplu, Merlu, Uvreulu, aluatlu, amiroańa, amirălu, amirălui
  • NUM: ună, doľi, treiľi

• Ind
  • ADJ: albă, aleptu, bun, greauă, mari, sănătos, uscat
  • NOUN: casă, ańi, gardu, oară, ќiro, Tată, apă, arap, auş, broască

Degree and Polarity

• Degree

• Pos
  • ADJ: Ahtare, albă, aleptu, bun, greauă, mari, mărli, sănătos, uscat
  • ADV: tora, dip, diznou, tut, Atumţea, Mâne, Noaptea, Totâna, Ună, acasă

• Polarity

• Neg
  • PART: nu, no, no-, nu-, n-

• Pos
  • CCONJ: şi, ş-, Ma, i
  • SCONJ: că, cara, di, ca, cum, se-

• Variant

• Short
  • ADP: N-
  • PART: s-, z-, n-
  • PRON: s-, si, lu, se-, -l, -o, -s, -ş, li, lo-

Verbal Features

• Mood

• Cnd
  • PART: s-
  • VERB-Fin: amintari, mărtari, pistipsiri

• Imp
  • VERB-Fin: adu, bati, misură

• Ind
  • AUX-Fin: era, avea
  • VERB-Fin: ascăpă, aştipta, feaţi, fudzirâ, imna, lucra, mutreaşte, tricu, Aĝumse, acaţă

• Sub
  • AUX-Fin: hibă
  • PART: s-, să, -s, sa, si, z-
  • VERB-Fin: ascapă, facă, acumpără, adară, aduńi, afli, alină, aĝut, caftă, cură

• Tense

• Imp
  • AUX-Fin: era, avea
  • VERB-Fin: imna, lucra, Aştipta, afla, arcai, arăţea, aspărea, avea, aĝuca, cădea

• Past
  • VERB-Fin: ascăpă, feaţi, fudzirâ, tricu, Aĝumse, acăţarâ, adunarâ, aduse, aflaşi, agudişi

• Pres
  • AUX-Fin: hibă
  • VERB-Fin: adară, ascapă, facă, mutreaşte, acaţă, acumpără, aduc, aduńi, afli, alină

Pronouns, Determiners, Quantifiers

• PronType

• Dem
  • DET: Aestu
  • PRON: aestu, aestă

• Ind
  • DET: un, nă, Ună, alti, multu, ndoauă
  • PRON: vârnu

• Int,Rel
  • ADV: iu, cum, -ţe, Cara, ma, ţe
  • DET: câte
  • PRON: ţi, cari, ţe, ţi-

• Neg
  • ADV: niţi, putes, vărnoară

• Prs
  • DET: -su, a
  • PRON: s-, u, mi, nâsă, si, ti, tine, -ĺi, io, lu

• NumType

• Card
  • NUM: ună, doľi, nă, treiľi, unsprăyinģiţĺi

• Poss

• Yes
  • DET: -su, a

• Reflex

• Yes
  • PRON: s-, si, se-, -s, -ş, se, z-

• Person

• 1
  • PRON: mi, io, ma, mine
  • VERB-Fin: aduc, aĝut, dipun, escu, fum, vineam, ýin

• 2
  • PRON: ti, tine, te-, ţ, ț-
  • VERB-Fin: adu, aflaşi, afli, agudişi, asuń, aştepţ, bati, dipuńi, intrai, misură

• 3
  • AUX: era, va, avea, hibă
  • AUX-Fin: era, avea, hibă
  • DET: -su, Aestu, alti, câte, multu, ndoauă
  • PRON: s-, u, nâsă, si, ţi, -ĺi, cari, lu, se-, vârnu
  • VERB-Fin: adară, ascapă, ascăpă, aştipta, facă, feaţi, fudzirâ, imna, lucra, mutreaşte

• Number[psor]

• Sing
  • DET: -su

Other Features

• AdpType
  • Prep
    • ADP: di, tu, d-, cu, la, ninga, pân, -n, N-, Până

• NumForm
  • Word
    • NUM: ună, doľi, nă, treiľi, unsprăyinģiţĺi

• Position
  • Prenom
    • DET: Aestu, alti

• Strength
  • Strong
    • PRON: nâsă, tine, io, u, Nâs, Nâşi, mine, năs
  • Weak
    • PRON: s-, mi, si, ti, -ĺi, lu, se-, u, -l, -o

Syntax

Auxiliary Verbs and Copula

• This corpus uses 1 lemmas as copulas (cop). Examples: hiu.

• This corpus uses 3 lemmas as auxiliaries (aux). Examples: voi, hiu, am.

Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts

Here we consider only relations between verbs (parent) and nouns or pronouns (child).

• nsubj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN (5)
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Acc,Nom (15)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Acc,Nom (10)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Nom (5)
  • VERB-Part--NOUN-Acc,Nom (3)

• obj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN (4)
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Acc,Nom (12)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Acc (10)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Acc,Nom (2)

• iobj
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Dat,Gen (1)
  • VERB-Fin--NOUN-Dat,Gen-ADP(a) (1)
  • VERB-Fin--PRON-Dat (5)

Reflexive Verbs

• This corpus contains 18 lemmas that occur at least once with an expl:pv child. Examples: fac s-, aflu ti, alin se-, aspar se, aĝioc se-, aşteptu s-, așteptu te-, cârtescu s-, dipun mi, dipun ti, duc z-, minduescu s-, mărit s-, pat s-, scol si, tornu -s, trec s-, ĉudescu s-

Relations Overview

• This corpus uses 5 relation subtypes: ccomp:pmod, expl:impers, expl:poss, expl:pv, obl:pmod
• The following 10 relation types are not used in this corpus at all: dislocated, appos, clf, flat, compound, list, orphan, goeswith, reparandum, dep

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