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This page pertains to UD version 2.

ADJ: adjective

Definition

Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in Το αυτοκίνητο είναι πράσινο. “The car is green.”

The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only. See DET for determiners and NUM for cardinal numerals.

Αdjectival ordinal numerals that behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically (πρώτος, δεύτερος, εξηκοστός) are tagged as adjectives.

Examples

Nationalities are assigned the tag ADJ, e.g., Έλληνας / Elinas “Greek”, Ευρωπαίος / Evropeos “European”, Ασιάτης/ Asiatis “Asian” etc

Certain words that are assigned the tag NOUN are directly related with adjectives and do not form comparatives (of course, there are adjectives that do not allow for comparatives, such as νεκρός / nekros “dead”):

Certain proper nouns PROPN are directly related with adjectives:

Ancient Greek adverbs that are used as adjectives in EL: νυν / nin “current”, τέως / teos “past”; also, pieces of phrases received from older forms of the language: καθωσπρέπει / kathosprepi “proper” (these are originally two words written as one word nowadays).

Morphological and Periphrastic Gradation

Modern Greek has both morphological and periphrastic comparatives.

Degree of comparison is an inflectional feature of adjectives and some adverbs. EL marks morphologically the positive, comparative and absolute superlative degree. Non-periphrastic comparative and absolute superlative degrees of Greek adjectives are formed with a small set of suffixes or they have irregular forms Degree:

Modern Greek has periphrastic comparatives too. πιο is used with adjectives to form periphrastic comparatives. The Degree feature will be encoded on πιο.

# user_id = stellamarks
# timestamp = 1702746962656
# sent_id = 1055
# text = Οι άλλες τράπεζες είναι πολύ πιο συντηρητικές.
# en_translation = The other banks are much more conservatie.
1	Οι	ο	DET	_	_	_	3	det	_	_
2	άλλες	άλλος	DET	_	_	_	3	det	_	_
3	τράπεζες	τράπεζα	NOUN	_	_	_	7	nsubj	_	_
4	είναι	είμαι	AUX		_	_	_	7	cop	_	_
5	πολύ	πολύ	ADV	_	_	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	πιο	πιο	ADV	_	_	<b>Degree=Cmp<\b>		7	advmod	_	_
7	συντηρητικές	συντηρητικός	ADJ	_	_	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	_	7	punct	_	__

Diminutives and augmentatives

The participles

Participles of verbs in use in Modern Greek ending in -μένος and -θείς are assigned the tag VERB, the lemma ending in -μένος and -θείς and the relevant features Case=…|Gender=…|Number=…VerbForm=Part|Voice=Αct or Pass. Ηowever, there are formations ending in -μένος not related with a verb in use in Modern Greek, e.g. χιλιοτραγουδισμένος / chiliotragoudismenos “storied”, ξακουσμένος / ksakousmenos “famous”, etc; these are assigned the tag ADJ.

Greek adjectives inflect for el-feat/Gender (μεγάλος – μεγάλη – μεγάλο) “big”, el-feat/Number (μεγάλος – μεγάλοι) and el-feat/Case (μεγάλοι – μεγάλων – μεγάλους).

Examples

References

Κλαίρης, Χρήστος & Γεώργιος Μπαμπινώτης. 2001. Γραμματική της Νέας Ελληνικής Τόμος Γ’. 2η έκδοση. Αθήνα: Ελληνικά Γράμματα.

Τζάρτζανος, Αχιλλέας, 2002. Νεοελληνική Σύνταξις της Κοινής Δημοτικής. Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Κυριακίδη. σελ. 225. https://www.greek-language.gr/greekLang/modern_greek/tools/lexica/triantafyllides/


ADJ in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]