Evident: evidentiality
Evidentiality is a feature of verbs.
It indicates the source of evidence for a given statement.
It is often classified as a mood,
but some linguists considers it an additional dimension alongside Tense/Aspect/Moodality.
Fh: first hand
This is the default. The speaker has first-hand evidence for the statement/event.
Examples
(cf. the same examples below for Nfh)
- үйгө кетти ‘she/he went home’
- үйгө кетет ‘she/he will go home’
- үйгө бара жатат ‘she/he is going home’
- үйгө кетиши керек ‘she/he has to go home’
- үйүнө кеткен болчу ‘she/he had gone home’
Nfh: non-first hand
This is the default. The speaker has first-hand evidence for the statement/event.
Examples
(cf. the same examples below for Nfh)
- жамгыр жааптыр ‘(evidently) it was raining’
Evident in other languages: [ab] [bor] [dar] [gub] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [tr] [u]