ADJ: adjective
ADJ
Definition
Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in
Examples
- Tomofílen je zelén “The car is green”
- Vremǿso je studéno “The weather is cold”
- Kóštana je navá “The house is new”
- Póten je parátik “The road is bad”
The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only.
Pomak adjectives inflect for
- Gender: gulǽm čulǽk / gulǽma kóšta / gulǽmo mǽsto ([a] big man.MASC / [a] big house.FEM / [a] big field.NEUT)
- Number: gulǽm kahór / gulǽmy kahórove (big concern / big concerns) and
- Case: gulǽma kóšta / gulǽmoj kóštoj / gulǽmo kóšto (big house.NOM / of [a] big house.GEN / big house.ACC).
Examples
Ordinary adjectives:
- húbav “good”, húbav čulǽk “good man”
- tópal “hot”, tóplo vréme / játo “hot weather / hot food”
- møk “soft”, mǿko mǿso / meká ózlanica “soft meat / soft pillow”
- leskát “shiny”, leskáty bájniky “shiny beads”
- vóstar “sharp”, vóstar nož “sharp knife”
- prázan “empty”, prazná kóšta “empty house”
Adjectives denoting kinship or possession by individuals related to proper nouns:
- Ridvánov “Ridvan’s”, Ridvánovono žóno je paznávom - “I know Ridvan’s wife” - [lit. “Ridvan’s wife, I know her”]
- Kasímov “Kasim’s”, Kasímovana dašterǽ je doktórka “Kasim’s daughter is [a] doctor”
- Levéntev “Levent’s”, Levéntevyjen traktér je gulǽm “Levent’s tractor is big”
- Aminín “Aminǽ’s”, Aminínyjen junák je ad Basájkovo “Aminǽ’s boy is from Basájkovo” - “Aminǽ’s boy-friend is from Basájkovo”
- Išín “Išǽ’s”, Išínana sestrá je ne žónena “Išǽ’s sister is not married”
- Fatnín “Fatnǽ’s”, Fatnínono déte je sas dlǿgo kóso “Fatnǽ’s child is the one with the long hair” - [lit. “Fatnǽ’s child is with long hair”]
Possessive adjectives related to nouns:
- tomofílev “car~”, tomofílevyne nahtáreve so na mácono “car keys are on the table” - “the keys of the car are on the table”
- hórehov “walnut-tree~”, hórehovana sénka je debéla “walnut-tree’s shade is thick” -“the shade of the walnut-tree is dense”
- kumpírev / damatízev / láhnov “potato~ / tomato~ / cabbage~”, kumpírevo / damatízevo sálo “potato-salad / tomato-salad / cabbage-salad”
- hlǽbov “bread~”, hlǽbova korá “bread crust”
- telifónov “telephone~”, telifónova nǘmeræ / bataríja “number / battery of the telephone” -“telephone number / battery”
See DET for determiners and NUM for numerals.
Ordinal numerals that behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically are tagged as adjectives:
- porv / birinǧí “first”, inazí déte mu je at pórvoto žóno “that child is from his first wife”
- ikinǧí “second”, ikinǧí zejtín “oil of second quality”
- üčünǧǘ “third”, faf üčünǧǘno syró íma dva jalnyšlýka “at the third line /row there are two mistakes”
- altynǧí “sixth”, izlǽl je altynǧí na fýrkaņeno “he ended sixth in running”
- onunǧú “tenth”, onunǧú kerét só paftáre isázi rábata - “it is the tenth time that this thing is being repeated” -[lit. “tenth time this thing is being repeated”]
Nationalities are assigned the tag ADJ, such as
- Pomáčin “Pomak”, Urúmin “Greek”, Bulgárin “Bulgarian”, Túrčin “Turk”, Itaļánin “Italian”, Evropéjin “European”, Amerikánin “American”, Afrikánin “African”, Asiátin “Asian”
About diminutives and augmentatives of adjectives (gulǽmček [gulǽm] “biggish”, gróznišiček [grózan] “bad-looking”) see the feature DegreeModQpm.
The comparative and superlative degree of adjectives is formed with the adverbs po και naj respectively.
- visók “tall”, po visók “taller”, naj visók “the tallest”
- jéftin “cheap”, po jéftin “cheaper”, naj jéftin “the cheapest “
- gulǽm “big”, po gulǽm “bigger”, naj gulǽm “the biggest”
ADJ in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]