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UD Italian Valico

Language: Italian (code: it)
Family: IE

This treebank has been part of Universal Dependencies since the UD v2.8 release.

The following people have contributed to making this treebank part of UD: Elisa Di Nuovo, Manuela Sanguinetti, Cristina Bosco, Alessandro Mazzei.

Repository: UD_Italian-Valico
Search this treebank on-line: PML-TQ
Download all treebanks: UD 2.15

License: CC BY-SA 4.0

Genre: learner-essays

Questions, comments? General annotation questions (either Italian-specific or cross-linguistic) can be raised in the main UD issue tracker. You can report bugs in this treebank in the treebank-specific issue tracker on Github. If you want to collaborate, please contact [elisa • dinuovo (æt) unito • it]. Development of the treebank happens outside the UD repository. If there are bugs, either the original data source or the conversion procedure must be fixed. Do not submit pull requests against the UD repository.

Annotation Source
Lemmas annotated manually
UPOS annotated manually, natively in UD style
XPOS annotated manually
Features annotated manually, natively in UD style
Relations annotated manually, natively in UD style

Description

Manually corrected Treebank of Learner Italian drawn from the Valico corpus and correspondent corrected sentences.

UD Italian-Valico is a collection of 36 Italian as a Second Language texts (398 sentences and 6,784 tokens), in the Universal Dependencies formalism elicited from a comic strip. Each text is matched with a corrected version (TH) and both are automatically annotated and then manually corrected. The corrected texts are in corrected/it_thvalico-ud-test.conllu. In addition, error annotation is provided in the err field. The annotations follow the standard Italian UD guidelines, along with a set of supplementary guidelines for error and dependency annotation (https://github.com/ElisaDiNuovo/VALICO-UD_guidelines). The treebank represents English, French, German, and Spanish learners of Italian at three different year of study. There are 9 texts for each native language and 3 texts per year of study.

The treebank is realised as test set (TH are in corrected folder).

Each sentence id is structured as a-bb_xx-c, where:

a is the number of the text (from 1 to 36);

bb is the number of the sentence in the text;

xx is the ISO code for the learner’s native language;

c is the learner’s year of study of Italian.

For example:

1-01_fr-3 indicates the 1st sentence of the 1st text of the treebank which is written by a French learner at their 3rd year of study; and

35-27_en-1 indicates the 27th sentence of the 35th text of the treebank which is written by a English learner at their 1st year of study.

Acknowledgments

The treebank development has also been possible thanks to Prof. Elisa Corino’s (Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere e Culture Moderne, University of Turin) valuable advice.

Statistics of UD Italian Valico

POS Tags

ADJ – ADP – ADV – AUX – CCONJ – DET – INTJ – NOUN – NUM – PRON – PROPN – PUNCT – SCONJ – SYM – VERB – X

Features

Clitic – Definite – Degree – Gender – Mood – Number – NumType – Person – Polarity – Poss – PronType – Tense – Typo – VerbForm

Relations

acl – acl:relcl – advcl – advmod – amod – appos – aux – aux:pass – case – cc – ccomp – conj – cop – csubj – dep – det – det:poss – det:predet – discourse – dislocated – expl – expl:impers – fixed – flat:name – goeswith – iobj – mark – nmod – nsubj – nsubj:pass – nummod – obj – obl – obl:agent – orphan – parataxis – punct – root – vocative – xcomp

Tokenization and Word Segmentation

Morphology

Tags

Nominal Features

Degree and Polarity

Verbal Features

Pronouns, Determiners, Quantifiers

Other Features

Syntax

Auxiliary Verbs and Copula

Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts

Here we consider only relations between verbs (parent) and nouns or pronouns (child).

Relations Overview