PronType: pronominal type
| Values: | Prs | Art | Int | Exc | Rel | Dem | Tot | Ind |
PronType (pronominal type) is a lexical feature of pronouns and some determiners that indicates their grammatical function. This feature helps to classify pronouns and determiners into specific categories based on how they are used in the sentence.
Prs: personal pronoun or determiner
This feature includes both nominal personal, possessive, and reflexive pronouns or determiners.
Examples
- Yo lo veo. “I see it.”
- El chocolate no es tuyo. Es mío. “The chocolate isn’t yours. It’s mine.”
Art: article
This includes definite articles (el, la, los, las) and indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas).
Examples
- El libro está en la mesa. “The book is on the table.” – Definite article
- Una manzana es deliciosa. “An apple is delicious.” – Indefinite article
Int: interrogative pronoun or determiner
Interrogative pronouns or determiners are used to introduce questions. They are typically used to ask about the identity or nature of a person, thing, or concept.
Examples
- ¿Quién eres? “Who are you?”
- ¿Cuál es tu libro favorito? “What is your favorite book?”
Exc: exclamative pronoun or determiner
Exclamative pronouns or determiners are used to express surprise, shock, or strong emotion. In Spanish, interrogative pronouns are usually use as exclamative.
Examples
- ¡Qué día tan bonito! “What a beautiful day!”
Rel: relative pronoun or determiner
Relative pronouns or determiners are used to link two clauses together, creating a relationship between the clause that the pronoun or determiner is in and a preceding clause or noun. They provide more information about the subject or object they’re referring to.
Examples:
- La mujer que viste es mi madre. “The woman whom you saw is my mother.”
- El libro cuyo autor conociste ganó un premio. “The book whose author you met won an award.”
Dem: demonstrative pronoun or determiner
Demonstrative pronouns or determiners are used to indicate and distinguish entities based on their distance from the speaker or listener. In Spanish, they can refer to something close (“este”, “esta”), something further away (“ese”, “esa”), or something far away (“aquel”, “aquella”).
Examples
- Este libro es interesante. “This book is interesting.”
- Aquellos perros son de mi hermana. “Those dogs over there are my sister’s.”
Tot: total (collective) pronoun or determiner
Total (collective) pronouns or determiners are used to refer to all members of a group. In Spanish, words like “todo”, “todos”, “toda”, “todas”, “cada “can be used for this purpose.
Examples:
- Todos los estudiantes deben estudiar. “All students should study.”
- Cada día aprendo algo nuevo. “Every day I learn something new.”
Neg: negative pronoun, determiner or adverb
Negative pronouns, determiners, or adverbs are used to indicate the non-existence, absence, or negation of something. Words like “nadie”, “nada”, “ninguno”, “ninguna” are used in Spanish.
Examples:
- Nadie vino a la fiesta. “Nobody came to the party.”
- No tengo ninguna duda. “I don’t have any doubt.”
Ind: indefinite pronoun, determiner, numeral or adverb
Indefinite pronouns, determiners, numerals, or adverbs are used to refer to non-specific entities or quantities. They are often used in Spanish with words like “uno”, “unas”, “otra”, “algo”, “alguna”, “muchos”, “pocos”, etc.
Examples:
- Algo me dice que va a llover. “Something tells me it’s going to rain.”
- Muchos estudiantes prefieren estudiar en la biblioteca. “Many students prefer to study in the library.”
PronType in other languages: [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [bor] [cs] [el] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [gun] [hu] [hy] [it] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [la] [myu] [pcm] [qpm] [sga] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj] [uz] [xav] [xcl] [zh]