Mood: mood
| Values: | Cnd | CndGen | CndGenPot | CndPot | Des | DesPot | Gen | GenNec | GenNecPot | GenPot | GenPotPot | Imp | Ind | Nec | NecPot | Opt | Pot | PotPot | Prs |
Mood expresses the modality, a speaker’s perspective, in finite verbs.
Kyrgyz verbs may carry a wide range of mood information.
Different moods are indicated by a number of suffixes, which also interact with tense and aspect of the verb.
Similar to the Voice feature, a Kyrgyz verb may have multiple Mood values expressed on a single verb. Currently we concatenate the individual mood values, but this is far from a good solution.
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- үйгө бара жатат ‘she is going home’
- үйгө кетти ‘she went home’
Imp: imperative
In Kyrgyz imperatives are expressed by lack of any tense/aspect/modality marker. The form of imperative may indicate second or third person plural/singular. Note that, forms other than second person singular may indicate a wish rather than a command, so may be marked as Opt (see below).
Examples
- Үйгө бар! ‘go home!’
- үйгө кетсин ‘(I am ordering him/her to) go home!’
Pot: potential
The suffix -мак may indicate ability or possibility.
Examples
- ушул жерде болушмак ‘would be here.’
Cnd: conditional
This expresses conditionality. It is the primary means of forming conditionals in Kyrgyz (‘if, even’). The suffix responsible for this mood is *-саң, -са *.
Examples
- Суудан жадасаң ‘Even from water’
- ал үйгө бара жатса ‘if she is going home’
- ал үйгө барса ‘if she goes home’
Mood in other languages: [ab] [akk] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [mdf] [myv] [pcm] [ps] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [say] [sl] [sv] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [ug] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl]