Voice: voice
The applicative voice is a grammatical voice that promotes an oblique argument of a verb to the core object argument. It is generally considered a valency-increasing morpheme.
Appl: applicative
Examples
-
aryaha akatʃituri “She did not have any money.” (lit. money O3-APPL-be.there-S3-NEG-PST)
-
aso akaspasparh “Let’s get it out of the water.” (lit. water O3-APPL-take.out-S1PL.INCL-PROX.FUT)
Cau: causative voice
Example
- ã peʃya pahnu kai ũkawa =yã “ Their belly hurts where (the fever) appears.”
Mid: middle voice
Example
- nẽeri taõʃ “They went missing.” (lit. go:PST:3PL lose:MID)
Rcp: reciprocal voice
Example
- apuru piʃbarwa We help each other.” (lit. lean.on+lay.down(help):RECP:PFV:EXCL)
Voice in other languages: [abq] [am] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bor] [ceb] [cs] [el] [eme] [en] [fi] [fr] [gn] [gub] [ha] [hu] [hy] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [myu] [pay] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [sv] [tl] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl]